Kutheni kukho umahluko womgangatho kwizinto ezilandelelanayo kwishishini lokuphakela ukutya?
1. Umahluko kwimfuno yeshishini
Phantse bonke abavelisi bezinto ezilandelelanayo ngamashishini eekhemikhali, kwaye imveliso efanayo ingathengiswa kumashishini amaninzi. Umzekelo, iimveliso ze-copper sulfate zingasetyenziswa kumashishini amaninzi afana nezongezo zokutya, izichumisi, iifungicides, ii-mordants, i-copper electroplating, kunye ne-ore dressing;
Nangona kunjalo, amashishini ahlukeneyo aneemfuno ezahlukeneyo zomgangatho kwiimveliso, kwaye amaxabiso emveliso nawo ayahluka kakhulu.
2. Imithombo ye-ore (izinto eziluhlaza) yahlukile
Ezinye izinto ezincinci (ubhedu, isinyithi, i-zinc kunye ne-cobalt) zikhutshwa kwinkunkuma yemizi-mveliso, amanzi amdaka okanye kwimveliso engaphantsi kwemizi-mveliso.
Imithombo eyahlukeneyo yezinto eziluhlaza iqulethe ukungcola okwahlukeneyo, nto leyo ebangela umgangatho wemveliso owahlukileyo. Ezinye izinto ezincinci (i-manganese, i-magnesium, ilitye lezonyango le-potassium) zikhutshwa kwi-ores okanye emachibini etyuwa.
Imithombo eyahlukeneyo ye-ore okanye amanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-ore eluhlaza abangela umgangatho wemveliso owahlukileyo.
3. Imigangatho yesizwe ayiphelelanga
Okwangoku, akukho migangatho yesizwe yezinye iimveliso zezinto ezilandelelanayo.
Imigangatho yesizwe imisela kuphela iimfuno zezinto eziphambili kunye neempawu zococeko (i-arsenic, i-lead, i-cadmium kunye ne-mercury), kodwa ayinazo iimfuno ezicacileyo zokungcola okuchaphazela umgangatho wemveliso.
Imigangatho yesizwe yimqobo esisiseko yomgangatho wemveliso. Ke ngoko, iinkampani ezahlukeneyo zokutya (amashishini axhaswa ngemali angaphandle, amashishini esizwe, amashishini aphambili asekuhlaleni, amashishini amancinci naphakathi) ziye zabeka phambili iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zomgangatho ngokusekelwe kwimigangatho yesizwe yezinto ezilandelelanayo.
Kwanamashishini amancinci naphakathi ajonga kuphela inkangeleko ngaphandle kokwenza naluphi na uvavanyo xa ethenga izinto ezibonisa ukuba zincinci.
Zeziphi izinto ezilandelelanayo kwishishini lokutya ezinemigangatho yesizwe?
Iimveliso ezineemveliso ezisemgangathweni zesizwe (iimveliso ezi-9) I-Copper sulfate, i-basic cupric chloride, i-ferrous sulfate, i-zinc sulfate, i-zinc oxide, i-manganese sulfate, i-magnesium sulfate, i-calcium iodate, i-sodium selenite
Imigangatho yesizwe ichaza ngokucacileyo izalathisi: umxholo oyintloko kunye neempawu zempilo (i-arsenic, i-lead, i-cadmium, i-mercury)
Iimveliso ezingenazo imigangatho yesizwe (iimveliso ezi-5) I-Magnesium oxide, i-potassium iodide, i-cobalt chloride, i-calcium formate, i-potassium chloride
Umahluko kumgangatho weemveliso ze-trace element: i-copper sulfate
I-Copper sulfate: ekhutshwe kulwelo olucoliweyo lweebhodi zesekethe. Le mveliso inemigangatho yesizwe, ebonise ngokucacileyo iimfuno zomxholo oyintloko kunye neempawu zococeko.
Iimveliso zeSustar (ukongeza ekuhlangabezaneni nemigangatho yesizwe):
Ulawulo lwe-asidi yezinto eziluhlaza ≤0.014%: Iimveliso ezine-asidi ephezulu zivelisa ivumba elibi, zinciphisa ukunyibilika kwemveliso, zifunxa lula umswakama kwaye zihlangane, zikhawulezise ukutshintsha kombala kwee-premixes, zinokutshabalalisa iivithamini kunye namalungiselelo e-enzyme, kwaye zinokubangela ukonakala kweoyile.
Isanti yobhedu ikwimo yamasuntswana aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kwaye ukubonakala kwesanti yobhedu kungasetyenziselwa ukugweba ubunyulu bemveliso kuqala.
I-silicon dioxide yongezwa kumgubo wekopolo njengento ethintela ukugaywa
Iimveliso ezikhoyo kwimarike:
I-asidi yeemveliso ze-copper sulfate ingafikelela kwi-0.03%. Inkampani iSustar ichaza iimveliso ezine-asidi engaphezulu kwe-0.02% njengeemveliso ezine-asidi ephezulu.
Ulwelo oluqhekezayo lweefektri ze-elektroniki ezincinci lunokuba nobuninzi bezinto eziphilayo, kwaye umngcipheko we-dioxin uphezulu. Ubhedu olunesanti luqulethe izinto zesinyithi ezingacocekanga, kwaye imveliso ijika ibe tyheli emva kokufudumeza. Ukubonakala kobhedu olunesanti kubonakala kuluhlaza okanye kumhlophe. Ukuba ubushushu buyatshintshatshintsha kakhulu ngexesha lenkqubo yokomisa, umbala unokutshintsha ukusuka koluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuya komhlophe.
Ubhedu oluyintlabathi alunazo iikristale ezibukhristalo, ezimile okwenaliti okanye eziqhekekileyo kwaye kulula ukuzihlanganisa.
Umgubo wobhedu kunye nomphakeli azixutywanga ngokulinganayo, kwaye umxholo uyatshintshatshintsha kakhulu; ukuba umthwali wongezwa kakhulu, umxholo awufanelekanga.
Ubungakanani besuntswana lomgubo wobhedu abulingani, kwaye umlinganiselo wemveliso enkulu kakhulu yesihluzo esinee-mesh ezingama-40 uphezulu.
Emva kokunyibilika emanzini, isisombululo siqulathe izinto ezingabonakaliyo ezinganyibilikiyo emanzini, izinto ezixhonyiweyo kunye nezinto ezidadayo.
Umahluko kumgangatho weemveliso ze-trace element: I-Basic copper chloride
I-copper chloride esisiseko inomthombo ofanayo nowe-copper sulfate, kwaye imveliso ikhutshwa kwinkunkuma ekhupha inkunkuma kwiibhodi zesekethe. Le mveliso inemigangatho yesizwe, ebonise ngokucacileyo iimfuno zomxholo oyintloko kunye neempawu zococeko.
Iimveliso zeSustar (ukongeza ekuhlangabezaneni nemigangatho yesizwe):
Umbala ofanayo, akukho maqhuqhuva, ukunyibilika kakuhle.
Lawula izalathisi ze-nitrogen kunye ne-free chlorine (0.14%; 0.1%) ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-dioxin kunye nokuhlangana.
Iimveliso ezikhoyo kwimarike:
Umxholo ophambili awufanelekanga.
Kukho umahluko omkhulu wemibala phakathi kweemveliso ezikwibhetshi enye.
Amabala amhlophe acacileyo.
Umgubo, ukunganyibiliki kakuhle
Ngokungcola okubonakalayo.
Iphezulu kwi-nitrogen kunye ne-free chlorine, ithambekele ekuhlanganeni.
Umahluko kumgangatho weemveliso ze-trace element: i-ferrous sulfate
I-Ferrous sulfate yimveliso ephuma kwi-titanium dioxide kwishishini leekhemikhali. Le mveliso inemigangatho yesizwe, ebonise ngokucacileyo iimfuno zomxholo oyintloko kunye neempawu zococeko.
Iimveliso zeSustar (ukongeza ekuhlangabezaneni nemigangatho yesizwe):
Umbala ofanayo, akukho ziqhuma.
Ukuchaneka kakuhle.
Intsimbi ye-trivalent ingaphakathi kwe-0.15%.
Iimveliso ezikhoyo kwimarike:
Intsimbi ye-trivalent ayichanekanga kwaye umxholo oyintloko awuchanekanga.
Kukho umahluko omkhulu wemibala phakathi kweemveliso ezikwibhetshi enye.
Ubungakanani bokufuma buphezulu.
Ubunzima abufikeleli kwimigangatho yesizwe.
Inani elincinci lezinto zokususa uthuli.
Ukutyibilika kwayo akuphucukanga, ukucoleka kwayo kulungile, kwaye kulula ukuyicola.
Kukho inkqubo eyomileyo yokuvelisa i-ferrous iron, kwaye imveliso ine-asidi ephezulu kakhulu.
Umxholo we-valent iron ephezulu unempembelelo enkulu kumgangatho we-premix feed.
Umahluko kumgangatho weemveliso ze-trace element: i-zinc sulfate
Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-zinc sulfate yi-zinc oxide yesibini (ethathwe kwi-flue ash, i-lead-zinc ore, i-copper-cadmium slag, njl.njl.). Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeemveliso: iimveliso ezineenkqubo zokususa isinyithi nezingenazo, zombini ezingasetyenziswa ekuveliseni ukutya okuxutyiweyo. Le mveliso inemigangatho yesizwe, ebonise ngokucacileyo iimfuno zomxholo oyintloko kunye neempawu zococeko.
Iimveliso zeSustar (ukongeza ekuhlangabezaneni nemigangatho yesizwe):
Lawula ngokungqongqo ii-ion ze-chloride ukuze unciphise ukutshintsha kombala we-premix feed. Xa usebenzisa i-zinc sulfate njenge-premix feed, umxholo we-ion ze-chloride kufuneka ube ngaphakathi kwe-0.5% ehlotyeni kwaye ube ngaphakathi kwe-1% ebusika.
Umxholo we-chloride ion kwi-zinc sulfate ungafikelela kwi-3%. Iimveliso ezine-chloride eninzi zithanda ukufunxa umswakama kwaye zenze amaqhuma, kwaye ii-premixes zithanda ukutshintsha umbala.
Le mveliso ibomvu ngombala kwaye ine-cobalt eninzi kunye ne-manganese, nto leyo echaphazela kakhulu ifomula yokutya.
Le mveliso ingwevu ngombala kwaye ine-calcium kunye ne-magnesium, nto leyo echaphazela ukugqitywa kwesiphelo se-titration.
Le mveliso inesalfure, ezibonakalisa njengombala oqhelekileyo wemveliso, kodwa upakisho luba mthubi emva kokuba isalfure iphele.
Inkqubo yemveliso ayilawulwa kakuhle kwaye imveliso inezinto ezimdaka ezicacileyo.
I-peroxide eseleyo kwi-zinc sulfate ibangela ukuba imveliso ye-premix ifudumale ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba i-premix ixutyiwe kwaye ukutya kwe-premix kulula ukutshintsha umbala (ukungcola okufana ne-zinc oxide, i-sulfur trioxide, i-iron oxide kunye ne-manganese dioxide).
Umbala wesiphelo se-titration sokuchonga umxholo oyintloko uyalibaziseka kwaye ubuyela kubomvu ngokukhawuleza.
Umahluko kumgangatho weemveliso ze-trace element: i-zinc oxide
I-Zinc oxide: i-zinc oxide ecocekileyo kakhulu (99 zinc oxide) kunye ne-zinc oxide eqhelekileyo (95 zinc oxide), i-95 zinc oxide inesabelo esikhulu semarike.
Inkqubo yokuvelisa: Kukho iinkqubo ezininzi zokuvelisa i-zinc oxide. Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa, izinto ezahlukeneyo zokwenza imveliso, amaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo e-calcination, njl.njl. ziya kubangela utshintsho lombala kwiimveliso.
Indlela engathanga ngqo
I-99 zinc oxide Iveliswa ngoku-calcining zinc ingots I-zinc oxide ekhaphukhaphu Ubuninzi be-Bulk 200-500g/L Mhlophe.
Indlela ethe ngqo
Iveliswa ngokubangela i-calcining zinc suboxide kubushushu obuphezulu I-zinc oxide enzima Ubuninzi be-Bulk Density 1200-2000g/L Umthubi omnyama Iintsimbi ezinzima zigqithise kakhulu umgangatho
Indlela ye-asidi
Iveliswa ngokwenziwa kweekhemikhali ze-zinc suboxide ngendlela ye-asidi I-zinc oxide ephakathi Uxinano olukhulu 700-1000g/L Umthubi kancinci ukuya kumthubi
Indlela ye-Ammonia
Iveliswa ngokwenziwa kweekhemikhali ze-zinc suboxide ngendlela ye-ammonia I-zinc oxide ephakathi Uxinano olukhulu 700-1000g/L Umhlophe ukuya kumthubi kancinci
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-24-2025
