Ubudlelwane phakathi kweeProtheyini, iiPeptides, kunye neeAmino Acids
Iiprotheyini: Ii-macromolecules ezisebenzayo ezenziwe ngamatyathanga epolypeptide enye okanye ngaphezulu ezigoqekayo zibe zii-dimensional ezintathu-dimensional structures ngokusebenzisa i-helices, sheets, njl.
Imixokelelwane yePolypeptide: Iimolekyuli ezinje ngetsheyini ezenziwe ngama-amino acids amabini okanye ngaphezulu adityaniswe ngamabhondi epeptide.
Amino Acids: Iibhloko zokwakha ezisisiseko zeeproteni; ngaphezu kwe 20 iintlobo ezikhoyo kwindalo.
Isishwankathelo, iiprotheni zenziwe ngamatyathanga e-polypeptide, wona aqulethwe ngama-amino acids.
Inkqubo yeProtein Digestion kunye ne-Absorption kwizilwanyana
Unyango lwangaphambili lomlomo: Ukutya kuchithwa ngokwasemzimbeni ngokuhlafuna emlonyeni, kwandisa indawo engaphezulu yokugaya i-enzymatic. Njengoko umlomo ungenayo i-enzymes yokugaya, eli nyathelo lithathwa njengokugaya ukutya.
Ukuqhekeka kwangaphambili kwiSisu:
Emva kokuba iiprotheyini eziqhekezayo zingene esiswini, i-asidi ye-gastric denatures kubo, iveza iibhondi ze-peptide. I-Pepsin ke ngoko iqhekeza iiproteni zibe yi-polypeptides enkulu yemolekyuli, ethi emva koko ingene emathunjini amancinci.
Ukugaya kwiThumbu Elincinci: I-Trypsin kunye ne-chymotrypsin emathunjini amancinci aqhubela phambili ukudiliza i-polypeptides ibe yi-peptides encinci (i-dipeptides okanye i-tripeptides) kunye ne-amino acids. Ezi ke zifakwe kwiiseli zamathumbu ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokuthutha i-amino acid okanye inkqubo encinci yokuthutha i-peptide.
Kwisondlo sezilwanyana, zombini i-protein-chelated trace elements kunye ne-peptide-chelated trace elements iphucula i-bioavailability yezinto ezilandelwayo nge-chelation, kodwa zahluke kakhulu kwiindlela zazo zokufunxa, uzinzo, kunye neemeko ezisebenzayo. Oku kulandelayo kubonelela ngohlalutyo oluthelekisayo kwimiba emine: indlela yokufunxa, iimpawu zesakhiwo, iziphumo zesicelo, kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo.
1. Indlela yokufunxa:
| Isalathisi sokuthelekisa | Protein-chelated Trace Elements | Izinto ezincinci zokulandela iPeptide-chelated |
|---|---|---|
| Ingcaciso | I-Chelates zisebenzisa iiprotheyini ze-macromolecular (umz., iprotheni yezityalo e-hydrolyzed, i-whey protein) njengabathwali. Ii-ion zesinyithi (umzekelo, i-Fe²⁺, Zn²⁺) zenza iibhondi zolungelelaniso kunye ne-carboxyl (-COOH) kunye namaqela e-amino (-NH₂) yeentsalela ze-amino acid. | Isebenzisa iipeptides ezincinci (ezenziwe nge-2-3 amino acids) njengabathwali. Ii-ion zesinyithi zenza ii-chelates zeringi ezizinzile ezintlanu okanye ezintandathu ezinamaqela e-amino, amaqela e-carboxyl, kunye namaqela ekhonkco elisecaleni. |
| Indlela yokufunxa | Funa ukuqhekeka kweeproteases (umzekelo, i-trypsin) emathunjini kwi-peptides encinci okanye i-amino acids, ikhupha i-ion zetsimbi ezichelated. Ezi ion ke zingena egazini ngokusasazwa kokwenziwa okanye uthutho olusebenzayo ngemijelo ye-ion (umz., DMT1, ZIP/ZnT abathuthi) kwiiseli ze-epithelial zamathumbu. | Inokuthi ifakwe njenge-chelates echanekileyo ngokuthe ngqo nge-peptide transporter (PepT1) kwiiseli ze-epithelial zamathumbu. Ngaphakathi kwiseli, ii-ion zetsimbi zikhutshwa zii-enzyme ze-intracellular. |
| Ukulinganiselwa | Ukuba umsebenzi we-enzymes wokugaya akwanele (umzekelo, kwizilwanyana ezincinci okanye phantsi koxinzelelo), ukusebenza kakuhle kweprotheyini ephantsi. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuphazamisekeni kwangaphambili kwesakhiwo se-chelate, ukuvumela i-ion zetsimbi ukuba ziboshwe ngezinto ezichasene nezondlo ezifana ne-phytate, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa. | I-Bypasses inhibition intestinal competitive (umzekelo, ukusuka kwi-phytic acid), kunye nokufunxa akuthembeli kumsebenzi we-enzyme yokugaya. Ilungele kakhulu izilwanyana ezincinci ezinenkqubo yokwetyisa engekavuthwa okanye izilwanyana ezigulayo/ezibuthathaka. |
2. Iimpawu zoLwakhiwo kunye noZinzo:
| Uphawu | Protein-chelated Trace Elements | Izinto ezincinci zokulandela iPeptide-chelated |
|---|---|---|
| Ubunzima beMolekyuli | Enkulu (5,000~20,000 Da) | Encinci (200~500 Da) |
| Amandla e-Chelate Bond | Iibhondi zolungelelwaniso ezininzi, kodwa ulungelelwaniso oluntsonkothileyo lwemolekyuli lukhokelela kuzinzo oluphakathi ngokubanzi. | Ukuhambelana okulula kwepeptide emfutshane kuvumela ukwakheka kwezakhiwo zeringi ezizinzileyo. |
| Anti-ukuphazamiseka Ability | Iyakwazi ukuchatshazelwa yi-asidi yesisu kunye nokuguquguquka kwe-pH yamathumbu. | I-asidi enamandla kunye nokuchasana kwe-alkali; ukuzinza okuphezulu kwindawo yamathumbu. |
3. Iimpembelelo zosetyenziso:
| Isalathisi | Iiprotheyini zeChelates | I-Peptide Chelates encinci |
|---|---|---|
| I-Bioavailability | Kuxhomekeke kumsebenzi we-enzyme yokugaya. Ukuphumelela kwizilwanyana ezindala ezinempilo, kodwa ukusebenza kakuhle kuncipha kakhulu kwizilwanyana ezincinci okanye ezixinzelelekileyo. | Ngenxa yendlela yokufunxa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nesakhiwo esizinzile, i-trace element bioavailability yi-10% ~ 30% ephezulu kuneyeprotein chelates. |
| Ukwandiswa kokuSebenza | Ukusebenza okubuthathaka ngokwentelekiso, ngokuyintloko kusebenza njengabathwali bomkhondo. | Iipeptide ezincinci ngokwazo zinemisebenzi efana nokulawulwa kwamajoni omzimba kunye nomsebenzi wokulwa ne-antioxidant, enika iziphumo ezinamandla ze-synergistic kunye nezinto zokulandela umkhondo (umzekelo, i-Selenomethionine peptide ibonelela zombini isongezelelo se-selenium kunye nemisebenzi ye-antioxidant). |
4. Iimeko ezifanelekileyo kunye neNgqwalasela yezoQoqosho:
| Isalathisi | Protein-chelated Trace Elements | Izinto ezincinci zokulandela iPeptide-chelated |
|---|---|---|
| Izilwanyana ezifanelekileyo | Izilwanyana ezindala ezisempilweni (umzekelo, iihagu ezigqibayo, iinkukhu ezizalelayo) | Izilwanyana ezincinci, izilwanyana eziphantsi koxinzelelo, isivuno esiphezulu seentlobo zasemanzini |
| Iindleko | Ngaphantsi (izinto ezisetyenziswayo zifumaneka lula, inkqubo elula) | Ephakamileyo (ixabiso eliphezulu le-peptide synthesis encinci kunye nokucocwa) |
| Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo | Iindawo ezingafunxwanga zinokukhutshelwa ilindle, nto leyo enokuthi ingcolise indalo. | Izinga eliphezulu lokusetyenziswa, umngcipheko ophantsi wokungcoliseka kwendalo. |
Isishwankathelo:
(1) Kwizilwanyana ezineemfuno eziphezulu ze-trace element kunye namandla abuthathaka okugaya (umzekelo, amantshontsho, amantshontsho, imibungu ye-shrimp), okanye izilwanyana ezifuna ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza kweentsilelo, i-peptide chelates encinci iyacetyiswa njengokhetho oluphambili.
(2) Kumaqela angabizi kakhulu kunye nomsebenzi oqhelekileyo wokugaya (umzekelo, imfuyo kunye neenkukhu ekupheleni kwesigaba sokugqiba), i-protein-chelated trace elements inokukhethwa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-14-2025
